What is the purpose of a negative-pressure room in airborne isolation?

• A. To prevent airborne pathogens from escaping the room.
• B. To reduce the risk of contact transmission.
• C. To protect the patient from noise.
• D. To improve overall energy efficiency.

Answer: (A)

The purpose is to contain airborne pathogens by creating a controlled airflow that prevents contaminated air from reaching other parts of the facility. A negative-pressure room is kept at a lower pressure than surrounding areas, so air naturally moves into the room when doors are opened rather than escaping to the corridor. The room’s exhausted air is routed away or through filtration, reducing the chance that infectious particles drift into hallways or other spaces. This setup protects healthcare workers, other patients, and visitors from inhalation exposure to airborne organisms.

It’s not about reducing contact transmission, which involves direct contact precautions; it doesn’t aim to protect the patient from noise, and it isn’t primarily about energy efficiency.