Which antibiotic class is commonly associated with photosensitivity?

• A. Macrolides
• B. Fluoroquinolones
• C. Tetracyclines
• D. Aminoglycosides

Answer: (C)

Photosensitivity happens when a drug in the skin absorbs sunlight and creates a photochemical reaction that damages skin cells. Tetracyclines are the class most commonly linked to this effect, especially doxycycline. The drug absorbs UV light and generates reactive oxygen species in the skin, leading to exaggerated sunburn, rash, or dermatitis with sun exposure. Because of this, patients on tetracyclines should take sun precautions—use broad-spectrum sunscreen, wear protective clothing, and avoid tanning beds or prolonged sun exposure.

Some other antibiotics can cause phototoxic reactions, but the association is strongest and most well-known with tetracyclines. Macrolides and aminoglycosides don’t have this as a prominent adverse effect, while certain fluoroquinolones can cause photosensitivity as well, it’s less characteristic than the tetracycline association.