Which are considered methods of tertiary prevention?

• A. Diagnosis.
• B. Treatment.
• C. Rehabilitation.
• D. Diagnosis, Treatment, Management, Rehabilitation.

Answer: (D)

Tertiary prevention focuses on reducing the impact of an established disease by preventing further complications, limiting disability, and restoring function. Once a disease is present, actions that manage the condition and its consequences aim to keep the patient as independent and healthy as possible.

Diagnosis during ongoing care helps identify new or worsening complications and guides appropriate treatment, making it part of tertiary prevention. Treatment controls the disease and prevents progression or new complications in the already affected person. Management encompasses long-term planning, coordination of care, medications, and lifestyle adjustments to prevent relapse and further decline. Rehabilitation works to restore function, compensate for impairments, and help the person return to daily activities.

Because each of these steps operates after disease onset to minimize damage and improve quality of life, together they represent tertiary prevention.