Which IV site condition is inflammation of a vein?

• A. Phlebitis
• B. Infiltration
• C. Blood transfusion
• D. Decubitus ulcer

Answer: (A)

Inflammation of a vein at an IV site is phlebitis. It occurs when the vein around the catheter becomes irritated or infected. Look for redness along the vein, warmth, tenderness or burning, swelling, and often a hard, cordlike feel over the vessel. Infusion may cause pain and the IV flow can slow or stop. Phlebitis can arise from chemical irritation from IV meds, mechanical irritation from the catheter, or infection.

This is different from infiltration, where IV fluid leaks into surrounding tissue rather than inflaming the vein. Infiltration presents with swelling around the site, skin that may be cool or pale, and a slowed or halted infusion, but not primarily vein inflammation.

If a patient shows signs of phlebitis, discontinue the IV, assess the site, apply appropriate comfort measures (such as warm or cold compress as advised), and start a new IV in a different location if continued IV therapy is needed.