Which of the following best describes how to maintain sterile technique during suctioning of a tracheostomy tube?

• A. Use sterile technique with sterile suction catheter and gloves
• B. Use sterile technique with non-sterile equipment
• C. Rely on patient’s immune system
• D. Only perform suctioning when signs of infection are present

Answer: (A)

Maintaining sterility during suctioning of a tracheostomy tube is essential because the airway is a path for potential infection and suctioning creates a conduit for bacteria if nonsterile materials are used. The proper approach is to use a sterile suction catheter and sterile gloves, keeping everything in a sterile field so no organisms are introduced into the airway. This minimizes the risk of introducing pathogens and helps prevent complications like pneumonia. Suctioning should be performed as needed to clear secretions and maintain airway patency, not deferred until signs of infection appear, and relying on the patient’s immune system isn’t a reliable protection during an invasive airway procedure.