Which position reduces the risk of aspiration during feeding?

• A. Lying flat
• B. Prone
• C. Upright or 45-60 degrees (semi-Fowler's)
• D. Side-lying with head turned to the side

Answer: (C)

Keeping the upper body elevated during feeding is the most protective approach for the airway. Sitting upright or at about a 45-60 degree angle uses gravity to help keep swallowed material down and makes the swallowing mechanism more effective, reducing the chance that food or liquid will enter the trachea. This position also helps prevent reflux from reaching the throat and airway.

Lying flat or lying face down increases the tendency for gastric contents or secretions to move toward the airway, raising aspiration risk. Feeding in a prone position is particularly risky for aspiration and is generally avoided. Side-lying with the head turned to the side can be used in certain situations, but it does not provide the same level of airway protection as an upright position, especially if swallowing is impaired.

Whenever possible, maintain an upright position during feeding and keep the person elevated for a while afterward to further reduce aspiration risk.