Why are range-of-motion exercises and proper positioning important for immobile patients?

• A. Improve circulation only.
• B. Enhance muscle strength through resistance training.
• C. Prevent contractures, maintain circulation, reduce pressure injuries, and preserve joint mobility.
• D. Accelerate wound closure.

Answer: (C)

Maintaining joint mobility and proper body positioning in immobile patients is essential to prevent multiple complications that can arise from lack of movement. Range-of-motion exercises keep muscles and connective tissues flexible, prevent stiffness, and preserve the full range of joint motion. Proper positioning helps relieve pressure on bony areas, improve skin perfusion, and support proper alignment of the body.

Together, these practices prevent contractures (the permanent shortening of muscles and tendons), maintain circulation, reduce the risk of pressure injuries, and preserve joint mobility. This combination best addresses the range of problems that immobility can cause.

Only improving circulation would miss the risk of contractures and pressure injuries; relying on resistance training isn’t appropriate for immobile patients and isn’t the primary goal of ROM and positioning; wound closure is influenced by many factors beyond ROM and positioning.